SD standard deviation, CI confidential interval Estimated glomerular filtration rate The change of the eGFR from the check details baseline to the final visit tended to be higher in the topiroxostat group as compared to that

in the placebo group as analyzed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), however, the difference was not statistically significant (topiroxostat: 0.64 mL/min/1.73 m2; 95 % CI −0.55 to 1.84, placebo: −0.46 mL/min/1.73 m2; 95 % CI −1.68 to 0.75, between-group difference: 1.10 mL/min/1.73 m2; 95 % CI −0.61 to 2.82, P = 0.2038) (Fig. 3a). The changes in the eGFR from ATM/ATR tumor the baseline to each visit are shown in Fig. 4a. Fig. 3 Change of the eGFR and ACR from the baseline to Syk inhibitor the final visit (intent-to-treat population). a Changes of the eGFR from the baseline to the final visit. Results are expressed as point estimates and its 95 % CIs by ANCOVA. Covariates: baseline eGFR, baseline ACR, baseline HbA1c. b Percentage of the ACR from the baseline to the final visit. Results are expressed as

point estimates and its 95 % CIs as calculated by ANCOVA. Covariate: baseline ACR. eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ACR urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, SD standard deviation, CI confidential interval, ANCOVA analysis of covariance Fig. 4 Changes of the eGFR and ACR from the baseline to each visit (intent-to-treat population). a Changes of the eGFR from the baseline to each visit. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. b Percent changes of the ACR from the baseline to each visit. Results are expressed as means and its 95 % CIs. eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ACR urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, SD standard deviation, CI confidential interval

Achievement rate of serum urate levels The proportion of patients with serum urate levels ≤356.88 μmol/L at the final Thymidine kinase visit was higher in the topiroxostat group than that in the placebo group (topiroxostat: 90.0 %; 95 % CI 79.5–96.2 % (n = 60), placebo: 0.0 %; 95 % CI 0.0–6.0 %; P < 0.0001) (Fig. 2b). Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio The percent change of the ACR from the baseline to the final visit was higher in the topiroxostat group than that in the placebo group as analyzed by ANCOVA (topiroxostat: −33.0 %; 95 % CI −45.0 to −20.0 %, placebo: −6 %; 95 % CI −22.0 to 14.0 %; P = 0.0092) (Fig. 3b). The trend of the percent change of the ACR from the baseline is shown in Fig. 4b. The change in the ACR from the baseline to the final visit was not correlated with the baseline ACR in either group (Fig. 5). Fig. 5 Correlation between the baseline ACR and the change in the ACR from the baseline to the final visit in each group. a Topiroxostat group (n = 62). b Placebo (n = 60).

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) signs, contrast-enhanced CT findings as well as lactate, CPK and D-dimer levels are predictive of bowel strangulation (grade 1C recommendation). Unfortunately, morbidity and mortality rates remain high for click here patients who undergo emergency repair of abdominal hernias. Early diagnosis of strangulated obstruction maybe difficult, and delayed diagnosis can lead to septic complications. However, in the case of suspected bowel strangulation TGF-beta family the benefits outweigh the risks of surgery and patients should undergo immediate surgical intervention. A recent study performed by Martínez-Serrano

et al. prospectively analyzed morbidity and mortality rates following emergency hernia repair [12]. The study population included 244 patients with complicated abdominal wall hernias requiring surgical repair. In this study, the patients were treated according to standardized protocols with detailed actions to be taken during the pre-, intra-, and post-operative periods. Clinical outcomes were compared retroactively to that of 402 patients who had undergone similar procedures before the development and implementation https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sbe-b-cd.html of the protocols outlined in the study. Results showed higher rates of mortality in patients with acute complication

as their first hernia-related symptom and whose treatment was delayed for more than 24 hours. Thus, the authors concluded that early detection of complicated abdominal hernias may be the best means of reducing the rate of mortality [12]. In 2007, Derici et al. published a retrospective study using univariate and multivariate analysis to investigate

factors affecting morbidity and mortality rates in cases of incarcerated abdominal wall hernias [13]. Using univariate analysis, results showed that symptomatic Sodium butyrate periods lasting longer than 8 hours, the presence of comorbid disease, high American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) scores, the use of general anesthesia, the presence of strangulation, and the presence of necrosis significantly affect morbidity rates. In contrast, advanced age, the presence of comorbid diseases, high ASA scores, the presence of strangulation, the presence of necrosis, and hernia repair with graft were found to significantly affect mortality rates by univariate analysis; the presence of necrosis, however, was the only factor that appeared to significantly affect mortality rates based on multivariate analysis [10]. A retrospective study was recently published evaluating the risk factors associated with bowel resection and treatment outcome in patients with incarcerated groin hernias [14].

0 × 106 cells/ml from each group were incubated at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 for 30 min in RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) containing 7.5 g/ml DNR (Sigma). After two washes, the cells were transferred into daunomycin-free medium and allowed to efflux for 10 min. Then 10 μg/ml of verapamil, a P-gp inhibitor, were

added to the cells to stop efflux, and the cells were washed two times. The cells were then analyzed by flow cytometry using a FACScan flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, San Jose, CA) at an excitation selleck chemical wavelength of 488 nm and using 530/30 nm (green fluorescence) bandpass filters. Analysis of drug sensitivity using Methyl-Thiazolyl-Tetrazolium (MTT) assay assays To assess multidrug chemosensitivity, cells in the experiment Buparlisib research buy and control groups were plated on 96-well plates at a density of 3.0 × 105 cells/well and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. After this time, the medium was removed, replaced with fresh medium containing adriamycin (ADM; Pharmacia Italia S.p.A, Italy), vincristine (VCR; Wanle Pharmaceutical Factory, China), paclitaxel (Taxol; Sigma Aldrich, USA) and bleomycin (BLM; Huayao

Zhushi Association, Japan) at varying plasma peak concentrations (PPC) of 0.01 PPC, 0.1 PPC, 1.0 PPC, 10.0 PPC, and the cells were incubated for another 48 h. Afterwards, the cells were stained with 20 μl of 5.0 mg/ml sterile MTT solution (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; Sigma) for 4 h at 37°C, after which the medium was CB-5083 nmr removed and thoroughly mixed with 100 μl dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to dissolve formazan crystals. The cells were then agitated

for 10 min, and their absorbance was measured at 490 nm using a spectrophotometric microplate reader (Bio-Rad Inc., USA). Each treatment group was analyzed in triplicate, and the experiment was repeated 3 times. The inhibition ratio for the tumor cells at each drug concentration was calculated using the following formula: inhibition ratio (%) = (1- average OD value of eltoprazine the experimental cells/average OD value of the control cells) × 100. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of each chemotherapeutic drug was determined from the dose-response curve constructed according to the inhibition ratio for each concentration. The resistance index (RI) for cells was calculated using the following formula: RI = IC50 of the experimental cells/IC50 of the control cells. Statistical analysis Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 16.0 software. The results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. The ANOVA and the Student’s t-test were used to compare mean values between groups. Two-sided probability values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Production of recombinant adenoviruses in HEK 293 cells The recombinant adenoviruses Ad-GFP-HA117, Ad-GFP-MDR1, and Ad-GFP were transducted into HEK 293 cells.

Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that current smoking habits were positively associated with albuminuria and inversely associated with a low eGFR. The association between smoking and

GFR was dependent on the BKM120 number of cigarettes smoked per day. A history of smoking showed a significant inverse association with a low eGFR, but there was no significant association between former smoking status and albuminuria. These data suggest that smoking may increase albuminuria and decrease eGFR, and that albuminuria may be reversed by quitting smoking. Stengel et al. examined data from a non-concurrent cohort study of 9,082 US adults, aged 30-74 years, who participated in the second FK228 concentration National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II) from 1976 through 1980. The risk of CKD was found to be related to smoking: the I-BET151 datasheet relative risk (RR) in smokers of 1–20 cigarettes a day

versus never-smokers was 1.2 (95 % CI 0.7–2.3), and in smokers of more than 20 cigarettes a day, the RR rose to 2.3 (95 % CI 1.3–4.2). This study suggests that not only quitting smoking, but also cigarette reduction may reduce the development of kidney disease. Shankar et al. performed a longitudinal analysis among 3,392 CKD-free persons at baseline, looking at the incidence of CKD (n = 114) over a 5 year period. Compared to never-smokers, the odds ratio of developing CKD was 1.12 (95 % CI 0.63, 2.00) among former smokers and 1.97 (95 % CI 1.15, 3.36) among current smokers. Haroun et al. performed a community-based, prospective observational study of 20-year duration to examine the association between hypertension

and smoking on the future risk of CKD in 23,534 Cediranib (AZD2171) men and women in a local region. The results showed that current smoking was significantly associated with the risk of developing CKD in both men [hazard ratio 2.4 (1.5–4.0)] and women [hazard ratio 2.9 (1.7–5.0)]. Above all, smoking is a risk factor for the development of CKD and proteinuria, and former smokers may improve albuminuria by quitting smoking compared to current smokers. Therefore, it is recommended to quit smoking. Bibliography 1. Yamagata K, et al. Kidney Int. 2007;71:159–66. (Level 4)   2. Ishizaka N, et al. Hypertens Res. 2008;31:485–92. (Level 4)   3. Stengel B, et al. Epidemiology. 2003;14:479–87. (Level 4)   4. Shankar A, et al. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;164:263–71. (Level 4)   5. Haroun MK, et al. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003;14:2934–41. (Level 4)   Does increased water intake affect the development of CKD? The effect of increased water intake on the onset and development of CKD is unclear, but dehydration exacerbates kidney function. Clark et al. performed a prospective cohort study in Canada from 2002 to 2008.

The collapse of nanotube structure is due to the dehydration of interlayered OH groups and crystallinity transition from orthorhombic system to anatase under calcination. In this work, the Zr/N co-doped NTA can still keep the nanotube structures with 400°C calcination. Figure 2c,d presents the 0.6% Zr/N-TiO2 samples after thermal treatment at 500°C and 600°C. The nanotubular morphology of NTA precursor was changed to nanoparticles

with high temperature calcination. Compared with the sample of 0.6% Zr/N-TiO2(600) calcinated at 600°C, sample of 0.6% Zr/N-TiO2(500) shows smaller pure anatase particles with size of ca. 10 nm and partially retained nanotubular structures. As we know, a smaller crystallite size, high surface area, and greater thermal stability Etomoxir chemical structure are highly desirable properties for photocatalysts. Anatase type TiO2 nanoparticles with small particle sizes (typically less than 10 nm) had exhibited enhanced photocatalytic

activity because of the large specific surface area and quantum size effect [19, 20]. In this work, better photocatalytic activity of 0.6% Zr/N-TiO2 (500) sample was highly expected due to its pure anatase crystallinity and smaller crystallite size. Figure 2 TEM images of NTA precursor (a) and 0.6%Zr/N-TiO 2 prepared at 400°C (b), 500°C (c), and 600°C (d). The surface areas of different doped samples measured by BET are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The BET results in Table 1 show that zirconium doping of x%-Zr-N-TiO2-500 samples at the same calcination temperature exhibit an Batimastat manufacturer EPZ015666 molecular weight increase of specific surface area with increasing Zr content. This trend is due to the gradual

decrease of crystallinity and particle sizes of anatase TiO2 as demonstrated by XRD results in Figure 1a. The surface area data in Table 2 of 0.6%-Zr-N-TiO2 samples calcined at different temperatures show a decreasing trend with the increase of calcination temperature. The XRD results Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II in Figure 1b and TEM analysis in Figure 2 show that with increasing calcination temperature, the average crystallite size increases, in contrast with the BET surface areas that decrease. Table 1 BET surface areas of the x%-Zr-N-TiO 2 -500 samples with different Zr doping concentration calcined at 500°C Samples ( x %-Zr-N-TiO2-500) Surface areas (m2g−1) 0.1 122.31 0.3 142.96 0.6 143.04 1.0 166.25 5.0 218.18 10.0 240.18 Table 2 BET surface areas of the 0.6%-Zr-N-TiO 2 samples calcined at different temperatures Calcination temperature (°C) Surface area (m2g−1) 400 320.54 500 143.04 600 112.01 Surface compositions of Zr/N co-doped TiO2 samples were investigated by XPS. Figure 3a,b shows the high resolution XPS spectra of Ti 2p and O 1s for sample of 0.6% Zr/N-TiO2(500). The binding energies of Ti 2p3/2 and Ti 2p1/2 components of 0.6% Zr/N-TiO2(500) are located at 458.9 and 464.8 eV, corresponding to the existence of Ti4+ state [11–13].

Fecal deposits were sampled after 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126, and 175 days of environmental exposure. At each sampling, two subsamples (~15 g) 3 cm apart were collected and pooled. After mixing, samples were immediately taken to the lab for processing. For DNA extraction, approximately

5 g of fecal material from replicate pans were pooled together and freeze-dried (n = 3 per treatment). The dried material was mixed uniformly and then a subsample was ground to a powder using a planetary micro mill (Retsch, Albisheim, Germany). Quantification of resistance determinants Thirty milligrams of dried fecal powder were weighed and DNA was extracted using a Qiagen QIAamp DNA Stool find more Mini Kit (Qiagen Inc.) according to the manufacturer’s instructions, with the following exceptions: bacteria were lysed at 95°C for 10 min and 120 μl of Buffer AE were used to elute DNA from the column. DNA was quantified fluorometrically using the Quant-iT™ PicoGreen® dsDNA Assay Kit (Invitrogen, Mississauga, ON) with a VersaFluor fluorometer (BioRad). Initially, DNA from d-7 and d-56 fecal deposits of each treatment were screened by conventional PCR to detect the presence of genes encoding erythromycin (erm (A), erm (B), erm (F), erm (T), erm (X)), sulfonamide (sul1, sul2) and tetracycline (tet (B), tet (C), tet (L), tet click here (M), tet (W)) resistance, as well as 16S-rRNA.

Primers and annealing temperatures were previously described for tet (C), tet (L),and tet (M) [38], tet (B) Amoxicillin and tet (W) [9], sul 1 and sul 2 [39], erm (A), erm (B), erm (F), erm (T), erm (X) [11], and 16S-rRNA [40]. PCR for the detection of each gene was conducted individually. In addition to DNA template (20 ng), each PCR mixture (20 μl) contained (final concentrations): 1 × HotStarTaq Plus Master Mix (Qiagen Inc., Mississauga, ON) and 0.4 μM of each primer and 0.1 μg μl-1 BSA (New England Biolabs), with the exception of the tet (C) assay, for which BSA was eliminated. The PCR conditions were: 95°C for 5 min; 35 cycles of 95°C for 20 s, respective annealing temperatures for 30 sec, 72°C for 1 min; 72°C for 10 min. The PCR were performed with an Eppendorf MasterCycler (Eppendorf,

Mississauga, ON). Twenty microliters of product was visualized on a 1.5% (w/v) agarose gel, following electrophoresis and staining with ethidium bromide. Each of the preliminary DNA samples tested positive for the genes analyzed and therefore all extracted DNA were subjected to quantitative real-time PCR. Standards for real-time PCR were created in the following way: amplicons derived from conventional PCR of the DNA samples described above, were purified using a QIAquick PCR purification kit (Qiagen Inc.) and GDC-0068 molecular weight eluted in water (pH from the columns. Amplicons were then cloned into p-Drive plasmids using a Qiagen PCR Cloning Kit and transformed into Qiagen EZ competent cells, according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Qiagen Inc.).

Can Med Assoc J 155:1113–1133 10. Mamdani M, Kopp A, Hawker G (2007) Hip fractures in users of first- vs. second-generation bisphosphonates. Osteoporos Int 18:1595–1600PubMedCrossRef 11. Health Canada Notice of compliance (NOC) online query. http://​webprod3.​hc-sc.​gc.​ca/​noc-ac/​index-eng.​jsp. Accessed 12 April 2011″
“Introduction Habitual loading has a profound influence on bone mass and architecture mediated by the effects buy Pitavastatin on resident bone cells of the dynamic changes in local mechanical strain engendered [1]. In general, high or unusually distributed strains stimulate

increases in new bone formation, and thus a more robust structure, whereas low strains, as seen in disuse, are associated with bone resorption and a weaker one. The high incidence of fragility fractures in postmenopausal women suggests a failure of this natural regulatory process since continued functional loading is accompanied by loss of bone tissue and an find more increase in bone fragility. The recent identification of sclerostin as a molecule preferentially secreted by osteocytes [2–4] that appears to be regulated by bone’s mechanical environment [5–11] has attracted considerable interest, particularly because sclerostin-neutralizing antibodies

engender a prolonged osteogenic response [12, 13]. The mechanism by which mechanical strain could exert its effect through sclerostin is envisaged to be by inhibition of the Wnt-signaling pathway [14–16]. Exposure to mechanical MRT67307 cell line strain, by suppressing sclerostin production, would increase the osteogenic effect of the Wnt pathway. This is consistent with the situation in genetically modified mice where deficiency in functional sclerostin expression is linked to increased bone formation and bone mass [8, 17], as

it is in humans with sclerosteosis [18, 19] or van Buchem disease [20, 21]. Polymorphic variation in the SOST locus coding for sclerostin has also been shown to contribute to the genetic regulation of areal bone mineral density and fracture risk [22]. In patients with hip fracture, sclerostin-positive osteocyte staining appears Exoribonuclease to increase more sharply with osteonal maturation than in non-fracture controls [23]. In the present study, we assessed whether sclerostin regulation in osteocytes is directly linked to local changes in the magnitude of peak strains engendered by mechanical loading. To do this, we used the mouse unilateral tibia axial loading model [24, 25] and measured loading-related changes in osteocyte sclerostin expression in both cortical and trabecular bone. These changes were then compared to the local strains engendered and the subsequent local bone modeling/remodeling. Our data suggest that loading-related changes in osteocyte sclerostin expression are more closely associated with the subsequent osteogenic response than the peak strains engendered.

12 (23%) of 52 samples examined were defined as cases overexpressing Snail mRNA. Relationship between Slug and Snail expression and clinicopathologic data The relationship between Slug and Snail expression and clinicopathologic features is summarized in Table 1. The mean Slug mRNA ratio was significantly higher in cases of nodal CP-868596 mouse metastasis (59.8 versus 77.4, P = 0.0102)and distant metastasis Selleck NSC 683864 (64.8 versus 146.3, P = 0.0001). Patients with increased Slug mRNA(9/52)survived significantly shorter than those with reduced Slug mRNA expression (43/52) (P = 0.0443). Cases of lymphatic invasion and perineural invasion also had high Slug mRNA ratios compared with the cases without invasion, although there was no statistical significance because of the distribution of the ratio [76.5 versus 68.3 (P = 0.1404), 60.4 versus 54.9 (P = 0.134), respectively. There was no statistical significance of Snail expression on clinicopathological

Selleckchem Fludarabine parameters. Table 1 Comparison of clinicopathological variables dependent on Snail and Slug mRNA ratios   Slug mRNA (mean ± SE) P Snail mRNA (mean ± SE) P mean age (yr)         <65(15) 86.9 ± 25.5   149.3 ± 57.4   >65(37) 78.3 ± 19.7 0.1969 171.2 ± 62.8 0.249 Gender         62.2 ± 32.3 62.2 ± 32.3   127.4 ± 35.6   70.6 ± 17.5 70.6 ± 17.5 0.2415 124.3 ± 71.8 0.8488 Histologic grading         G1 (29) 66.4 ± 13.6   107.2 ± 60.2   G2 (16) 58.0 ± 26.56   114.7 ± 53.5   G3 (7) 73.2 ± 33.8 0.2523 125.4 ± 41.4 0.7252 Histology         Well(13) 69.2 ± 18.4   95.7 ± 28.3   Mod.(27) 76.0 ± 15.8   108.4 ± 46.5   Poor(12) 85.6 ± 29.2 0.135 100.7 ± 31.1 0.6109 Depth of invasion         T1(8) 79.2 ± 12.4   117.1 ± 28.0   T2(32) 68.4 ± 19.7   98.4 ± 34.6   T3(12) 80.2 ± 30.5 0.1962 109 ± 36.3 0.3260 Surgical margin involvement         Negative (n = 38) 66.4 ± 16.7   102.6 ± 49.4   Positive (n = 14)

77.6 ± 31.5 0.2277 124.8 ± 60.0 0.197 Nodal metastasis         Negative BCKDHA (n = 32) 59.8 ± 23.3   86.8 ± 75.6   Positive (n = 20) 77.4 ± 22.8 0.0102 109.8 ± 35.2 0.1448 Lymphatic invasion         Negative (n = 10) 68.3 ± 10.9   180.3 ± 49.4   Positive (n = 42) 75.6 ± 16.4 0.1404 154. 5 ± 40.1 0.0865 Venous invasion         Negative (n = 15) 79.6 ± 30.7   120 ± 121.7   Positive (n = 37) 87.2 ± 24.6 0.3524 134.5 ± 30.6 0.1015 Perineural invasion         Negative (n = 12) 60.4 ± 16.8   155.2 ± 26.2   Positive (n = 40) 52.9 ± 14.4 0.134 166.3 ± 40.4 0.3758 Distant metastasis         Negative (n = 44) 64.8 ± 19.6   163.8 ± 13.6   Positive (n = 146.3 ± 33.2 0.0001 143.3 ± 27.5 0.0747 Survival (mo)         <12 (n = 9) 126.8 ± 24.5   176.5 ± 87.2   >12 (n = 43) 103.3 ± 36.7 0.0443 163.4 ± 54.4 0.5596 Among the 18 Slug overexpression cases, 13 cases (72.2%) showed portal vein invasion and 7 (38.9%) showed liver artery invasion, whereas there were only 7 (20.

8 Ga ago, experiments of prebiotic synthesis under hydrothermal conditions are proposed.

When peridotite, the rock of the mantle, is dissolved in seawater at 200°C and 500 bar, 25 mmol of H2 are measured after 2,000 h (Seyfried, 2007) amount which corresponds to the H2 content of the Rainbow hydrothermal fluids: 16 mmol of H2/kgw and of Logatchev: 12 mmol/kgw. Released H2 can react with CO2 embedded inside the rock to produce CH4. Consequently, if N2 is added to a mixture of peridotite in seawater, i.e. a mixture learn more of H2, CO2, CH4, elevated at high-pressure and high temperature or at HPHT of the Crenolanib supercritical state of water, biological molecules observed in Miller’s experiments should be synthesized. An excitation process could come from gamma rays simulating the terrestrial radioactivity or from the products of water radiolysis by gamma rays, such as hydrated electron, H+, H2O2 or O2. Instead of peridotite, olivine and pyroxene could be the starting reactants.

In-situ Raman spectroscopy could allow analyses of the synthesized products. Homochiral molecules could be obtained since olivine, pyroxene and serpentine have selleck chemicals llc octahedral sites between tetrahedral ones, where small elements H, C, N, O could insert with a specific spatial orientation. These experiments of hydrothermal synthesis have been described in the proceedings of CNRIUT’08 and in Comptes Rendus Chimie (Bassez, 2008). Bassez, M.-P. (1999). La structure de l’eau supercritique almost et l’origine de la vie. In l’Harmattan editions, Science et Technologie, Regards Croises, Paris, France, 583–591. Bassez, M.-P. (2003). Is high-pressure water the craddle of life? J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 15:L353-L361. Bassez, M.-P. (2008). Synthese prebiotique hydrothermale. In CNRIUT’08, Proceedings, 29 may, Lyon, France, 1–8. Bassez, M.-P. (2008). Prebiotic synthesis under hydrothermal conditions. C. R.. Chimie, Acad. Sciences, Paris, France, submitted on june/5. Charlou, J. L., Donval, J. P., Fouquet, Y., Jean-Baptiste, P., Holm, N. (2002). Geochemistry of high

H2 and CH4 vent fluids issuing from ultramafic rocks at the Rainbow hydrothermal field. Chemical Geology, 191:345–359. Charlou, J., Donval, J., Konn, C., Birot, D., Sudarikov, S., Jean-Baptiste, P., Fouquet, Y. (2007). High hydrogen and abiotic hydrocarbons from new ultramafic hydrothermal sites between 12°N and 15°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Results of the Serpentine cruise (march 2007). Proceedings. Konn, C., Charlou, J. L., Donval, J. P., Holm, N. G., Dehairs, F., Bouillon, S. (2007). Organics in hydrothermal fluids from 4 ultramafic-hosted vents of the MAR. Results from the Serpentine cruise. Geophysical Research Abstr 2008, 10-EGU2008-A-01497. Schmidt, K., Koschinsky, A., Garbe-Schönberg, D., M. de Carvalho, L., Seifert, R. (2007).