Results. Older drivers with cognitive speed of processing difficulties who completed speed of processing training were 40% less likely to cease driving over the subsequent 3 years ( hazard ratio = 0.596, 95% confidence interval 0.356-0.995, p =.048). Whereas 14% of older drivers who did not receive speed of processing training ceased driving, only 9% of those who completed eight or more sessions of speed

of processing training ceased driving.

Conclusion. Speed of processing training may delay driving cessation Nutlin-3 cell line among older drivers with speed of processing difficulty.”
“The ipsilateral cerebellum to the trained eye has been reported to be essential for acquisition and retention of the conditioned response (CR) in rabbit eyeblink conditioning. Although pharmacological studies have suggested its important roles in other species too, to what degree does eyeblink conditioning in rats depend on the ipsilateral cerebellum is not clear. In this work, we ablated the ipsilateral cerebellum in rats before or after conditioning to examine its roles in acquisition and retention of the CR. In the first experiment, rats received ablation

of the ipsilateral cerebellum and recovered for more than 3 weeks. They then underwent eyeblink conditioning for 7 days with Romidepsin a tone and a periorbital electrical shock. Consistent with other previous reports, hemicerebellectomized rats showed significant impairment compared to sham-lesioned rats. However, the hemicerebellectomized rats acquired CRs to some degree, and the acquired CR showed adaptive timing. In the second experiment,

rats received the hemicerebellectomy after acquiring CR by 7 days of conditioning in a delay paradigm. After more than 3 weeks of recovery, they were again conditioned in a delay paradigm. Rats with ipsilateral cerebellar lesions showed severe impairment in retention of the pre-acquired CR; however, they reacquired CR to some degree during the subsequent reconditioning sessions. These results suggest that the ipsilateral cerebellum plays an important role in rat eyeblink conditioning as well but that other brain regions can partially compensate for its removal. (C) 2010 Elsevier selleck chemicals llc Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) has been proposed as an antiaging hormone, but its importance is unclear. Assessment of an individual’s ability to maintain a DHEAS set point, through examination of multiple DHEAS levels over time, may provide insight into biologic aging.

Methods. Using Cox proportional hazard models, we examined the relationship between DHEAS trajectory patterns and all-cause death in 950 individuals aged >65 years who were enrolled in the Cardiovascular Health Study and had DHEAS levels measured at three to six time points.

Results. Overall, there was a slight decline in DHEAS levels over time (-0.013 mu g/mL/y). Three trajectory components were examined: slope, variability, and baseline DHEAS.