Cellular proliferation is regulated by protein complexes composed of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks). Five major families of cyclins (termed A, B, C, D, and E) have been isolated and characterized. Cyclin D1 reaches it peak of synthesis and activity during the G1 phase, and is believed to regulate the G1-to-S phase transition [8, 9].

Cyclin D1 plays a role in DNA repair. Cyclin D1 could bind directly RAD51, a recombinase that drives the homologous recombination process [10]. Cyclin D1 gene is located in the chromosome 11q13 [11]. The expression of cyclin D1 and other cyclins has been often evaluated in many cancers and its prognostic value is disputable. In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma the expression of CyclinD1 has been reported KU55933 manufacturer to be associated with poor outcomes [12–14]. The aim

of this study was the evaluation of correlations between clinicopathological findings and cyclin D1 and galectin-3 expression in non-small cell lung cancer. We wanted also to analyze the prognostic value of selleck screening library cyclin D1 and galectin-3 expression. Moreover we tried to evaluate the correlations between galectin-3 and cyclin D1 expression in tumor tissue. Materials and methods The 47 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (32 men and 15 women) were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 59.34 ± 8.90 years. All patients had undergone the surgical treatment (lobectomy, bilobectomy, pneumonectomy or buy CP-868596 diagnostic thoracotomy). The histopathologic diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma in 24 patients, adenocarcinoma in 15 patients, large cell carcinoma in 4 patients and non- small cell lung cancer of unspecified type in 4 patients. Based on the TNM staging system: 17 patients were in stage I (including IA-5 persons,

IB-12), selleck inhibitor 8 in II (IIA- 1, IIB-7), 16 in III (IIIA-13, IIIB-3) and in 6 IV. Twenty-one patients received chemotherapy-treatment, in this group 12 persons neoadjuwant chemotherapy. In all patients the 24 month survival has been evaluated. Twenty seven (57.45%) patients were alive and 20 (42.55%) died. The average survival time was 18.91 ± 7.14 months. The work has been approved by the appropriate ethical committees related to the institution. Immunohistochemistry Formalin -fixed well preserved tumor tissue blocks from surgically resected lung cancer specimens were used for immunohistochemical study. The 4 μm-sections of formalin -fixed tissues were mounted on silanized slides, deparaffinized in xylene and rehydrated through serial baths of alcohol to water. The hydrated sections were treated in 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10 minutes to eliminate endogenous peroxidase activity and washed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).