Post selleck chemicals hoc test was used for multiple comparisons using Holm–Sidak method. The results were considered statistically significant when P < 0·05. The parasite burden in liver and spleen of mice was calculated in all groups of mice on 1, 15 and 30 post-treatment days and was measured in terms of LDU. Parasite load in liver increased significantly in infected control BALB/c mice on

different post-infection days. In contrast, in the treated animals, the parasite load declined significantly (P < 0·05) from 1 to 30 post-treatment days. Among the three treatments, that is, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and immunochemotherapy, the last was the most effective in reducing the parasite load. Cisplatin treatment reduced the hepatic parasite load of mice by 63·08%, 68·37% and 72·50% on 1, 15 and 30 p.t.d., respectively. Addition of 78 kDa to these drugs further declined the parasite load significantly. The LDU declined by 75·95–83·95% as compared to the infected controls from 1 to 30 p.t.d. (Figure 1a). Moreover,

addition of MPL-A further lessened the parasite load by 84·38–93·23% as compared to the infected controls from 1 to 30 p.t.d. The splenic parasite burden was also significantly reduced in all the treated groups as compared to control animals (Figure 1b). The DTH responses increased significantly (P < 0·05) from 1, 15 to 30 days post-treatment in all groups of animals. The treated animals revealed significantly (P < 0·05) higher DTH responses in MI-503 cell line comparison with the infected controls. However, the animals treated with immunochemotherapy revealed significantly higher DTH responses compared with chemotherapy

alone or immunotherapy alone. Treatment of animals with cisplatin + 78 kDa + MPL-A induced the highest DTH responses followed by cisplatin + 78 kDa and then cisplatin. Individual treatments generated significantly lesser DTH responses in comparison with those given in combination. (Figure 2). IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses were also evaluated by ELISA using specific anti-mouse isotype antibodies in the sera of treated and control animals. Treated animals showed higher IgG2a and lower IgG1 antibody levels in comparison with the infected controls. Absorbance levels of IgG2a were maximum in animals treated with immunochemotherapy. Heightened antibody response was observed PD184352 (CI-1040) in cisplatin + 78 kDa + MPL-A-treated animals followed by cisplatin + 78 kDa from 1, 15 to 30 p.t.d (Figure 3a). In contrast to the IgG2a levels, the treated animals revealed significantly (P < 0·05) lesser IgG1 levels as compared to the infected controls. Immunochemotherapy-treated groups produced lesser IgG1 response as compared to chemotherapy or immunotherapy alone (P > 0·05). The animals treated with cisplatin in combination with 78 kDa alone or with adjuvant MPL-A produced lesser IgG1 levels as compared to those treated with 78 kDa alone or 78 kDa + MPL-A (P > 0·05). Minimum IgG1 levels were observed in the animals immunized with cisplatin + 78 kDa + MPL-A (Figure 3b).