Outcome was assessed using Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended score at 12 months. Results The frequencies of deviations from the treatment goals were: episodes selleck chemical of intracranial hypertension 69.5% (of monitored patients), hypotension 20.3%, anaemia 77.4%, hyperglycaemia 42.9%, hyponatremia 34.6%, hypoalbuminemia 30.8% and hyperthermia 54.9%. Pulmonary complications were common (pneumonia 72.2%, acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries injury 31.6%). Thrombocytopenia (4.5%), severe sepsis (3.0%), renal failure (0.8%) and liver failure (0.8%) were infrequent. Twenty-six (19.5%) patients died within the first 12 months due to the head injury. Age, GCS score, pupil dilation, Injury Severity Score (ISS), ICP?>?25?mmHg, hyperglycaemia and pneumonia predicted a worse outcome.

Conclusions Deviations from the TBI treatment Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries protocol were frequent. Pneumonia was the most frequent extracranial complication. Age, GCS score, pupil dilation, ISS, high ICP, hyperglycaemia and pneumonia predicted a worse outcome.
Background Patients discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU) are at increased risk for serious adverse events (SAEs). Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Recording vital functions and comprehending the consequences of altered vitals on general wards may be suboptimal. This potentially endangers recovery after successful intensive care. We aimed to determine the prevalence of vital dysfunctions Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries after ICU discharge and their effect on patient outcome. Methods A prospective observational study. Adult patients discharged from a tertiary referral hospital ICU to general wards without treatment limitations were visited 24?h afterwards; Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries their vitals were measured and reported to ward staff.

Attending ward nurse responsible for patient was interviewed. Results The cohort consisted of 184 patients who had survived the first 24?h on the ward without complications (age: 57 +/- 16 years; male: 68%). The prevalence of objectively measured vital dysfunctions was 15%, and the selleck chemical OSI-906 attending nurse had been unusually concerned about the patient in 19% of cases. Of the 184 patients, 9.8% subsequently suffered an SAE. In a multivariate logistic regression model, only vital dysfunctions (odds ratio 3.79; 95% confidence interval 1.18-12.2) and nurse concern (3.63; 1.17-11.3) were independently associated with an increased incidence of SAE. Medical emergency team (MET) assistance was never considered necessary by ward staff. Sensitivity of observed altered vitals on SAEs was 50% and specificity 89%. Sensitivity of nurse concern was 26%, specificity 84%. Conclusions Simple vital function measurement and attending ward nurse’s subjective assessment facilitate early detection of post-ICU patients at risk. The threshold in seeking assistance through MET remains high.