This report summarizes the 2020 data from the CDC's National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), focusing on violent deaths occurring in 48 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Results are broken down by demographic factors including sex, age categories, race and ethnicity, along with the manner of injury, location where it occurred, the circumstances, and further selected characteristics.
2020.
Death certificates, coroner/medical examiner records, and law enforcement reports all feed into NVDRS's violent death data collection. The compilation of data for violent fatalities in 2020 is documented within this report. Data were meticulously compiled from the 48 states, leaving out Florida and Hawaii, along with the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Statewide data was gathered from forty-six states, and two further states provided data from specific counties, including thirty-five California counties (71 percent of California’s population), and four Texas counties (39 percent of Texas’s population), while the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico reported data encompassing their respective jurisdictions. NVDRS systematically gathers information on every violent death and unites deaths connected by commonality (such as multiple homicides, homicides followed by suicide, or multiple suicides), forming a single incident.
Data compiled by NVDRS for 2020 reveals 64,388 fatal incidents, causing 66,017 deaths in 48 states, encompassing 46 reporting states, 35 California counties, and 4 Texas counties, and the District of Columbia. Data was also gathered about 729 fatal incidents that led to 790 fatalities in Puerto Rico. The data set for Puerto Rico underwent a separate analytical procedure. Fatal incidents totalled 66,017; the largest proportion (584%) was attributed to suicide, followed by homicide (313%), deaths of undetermined intent (82%), deaths arising from legal intervention (13%) – including fatalities from law enforcement action and other authorized personnel using force in their duties (excluding legal executions), and a minuscule percentage (under 10%) were unintentional firearm deaths. Within the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, 'legal intervention' is a classification, but it does not evaluate the legality of a death resulting from law enforcement. The demographic patterns and surrounding circumstances varied based on how an individual died. Females exhibited a lower suicide rate than their male counterparts. Across all age ranges, the highest suicide rate was consistently found in the 85-year-old and older demographic. Significantly, amongst all racial and ethnic groups, non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons had the highest rate of suicide. The most prevalent method of injury-related suicide, amongst both males and females, was a firearm. In cases where the circumstances surrounding suicides were discernible, the prevailing factors found to precede the act were either significant problems pertaining to mental health, intimate partnerships, or physical well-being, or an impending or recent crisis in the preceding or forthcoming two weeks. A greater number of male victims were recorded in homicide cases compared to female victims. The homicide rate was disproportionately high for individuals between 20 and 24 years old, when considered among the entirety of homicide victims across all age groups. Within the spectrum of racial and ethnic groups, Non-Hispanic Black males encountered the highest homicide rate. Among fatalities resulting from homicide, firearm-related injuries were the most common. In cases of homicide where the connection between the victim and suspect was established, male victims were typically acquainted with or friends with the suspect, while female victims' suspects were often current or former romantic partners. Conflicts, frequently resulting in homicide, were sometimes related to separate criminal acts; or, in cases of female victims, often stemmed from domestic violence. A considerable proportion of deaths due to legal intervention were male, with the highest rate occurring in men aged 35 to 44 years old. AI/AN males exhibited the highest mortality rate from legal intervention, with the figure subsequently lower amongst Black males. The majority of deaths stemming from legal interventions involved the use of a firearm. When a specific criminal action was known to trigger a legal intervention culminating in a death sentence, assault and homicide were typically the underlying criminal acts. Known circumstances surrounding fatal legal interventions frequently indicated three main contributing factors: the victim's death precipitated by another crime, the presence of a weapon used by the victim, and the victim's reported substance use disorder (exclusive of alcohol). Other causes of death, not encompassed by these factors, included accidental firearm fatalities and deaths with unidentified motives. Unintentional firearm fatalities disproportionately affected male, non-Hispanic White persons between the ages of 15 and 24. These fatalities, most often occurring during instances of playing with firearms, were precipitated by unintentional trigger actions. The demographic group exhibiting the highest rate of deaths from undetermined intent was male adults, specifically AI/AN and Black males, and those within the 30-54 year age range. Undetermined-intent fatalities frequently involved poisoning, with nearly 80% of the deceased exhibiting the presence of opioids in toxicology tests.
This report provides a detailed account of violent fatalities that took place in 2020, extracted from NVDRS data. A disturbing disparity emerged, with AI/AN and White males exhibiting the highest suicide rates, in stark contrast to the highest homicide rate among Black male victims. Homicides of women were frequently triggered by acts of violence from their intimate partners. Multiple types of violent death were primarily attributable to mental health issues, relationship problems with partners, interpersonal disputes, and intense, sudden life challenges.
Preventing violence is achievable through data-informed public health strategies implemented by states and communities. NVDRS data are used to supervise the occurrence of fatal injuries from violence and equip public health agencies to create, enforce, and assess initiatives, regulations, and practices focused on reducing and preventing violent deaths. The Colorado Violent Death Reporting System (VDRS), Kentucky VDRS, and Oregon VDRS have applied their VDRS data to inform suicide prevention and create reports that detail areas warranting additional attention. VDRS data, originating from Colorado, offered a means to examine the elevated suicide risk among first and last responders in the state. By using local data, Kentucky's VDRS illustrated how the psychological and social effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may elevate suicide risk, especially for vulnerable populations. With the goal of supporting the state's firearm safety campaign, Oregon VDRS employed their data to produce a publicly accessible dashboard, depicting the trends and rates of firearm mortality. Similarly, participating states in the NVDRS network have used their VDRS data to scrutinize homicide occurrences in their state. According to the Illinois VDRS, a notable increase in homicides among Chicago youth was observed, potentially linked to state budget cuts. This report demonstrates progress in achieving nationally representative data, fueled by a growing number of participating states and jurisdictions.
States and communities can employ data analysis to proactively address and prevent violence. beta-lactam antibiotics NVDRS data are utilized to track violent deaths and guide public health authorities in crafting, enacting, and examining programs, policies, and practices designed to reduce and prevent violent fatalities. The Colorado VDRS, Kentucky VDRS, and Oregon VDRS have all employed their VDRS data to create reports that reveal the necessity of heightened focus on specific locations for suicide prevention efforts. Data from VDRS in Colorado enabled an examination of the elevated suicide risk for initial and final responders in the state. To underscore the increased risk of suicide, particularly among vulnerable groups, Kentucky VDRS utilized local data to illustrate the psychological and social impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. To advance the state's firearm safety campaign, Oregon VDRS leveraged their data to develop a publicly accessible dashboard that illustrates firearm mortality trends and rates. Likewise, states enrolled in the NVDRS system have made use of their VDRS data to study and examine the occurrence of homicides in their state. Chicago youth homicide rates, according to the Illinois VDRS, displayed a notable increase in conjunction with state budget reductions. The inclusion of more participating states and jurisdictions within this report signifies advancement in its ability to provide nationally representative data.

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