Although there were no differences in rebleeding rate after 6 weeks, when comparing HCC to non-HCC patients, more patients with HCC died in this period. Indeed, most patients with HCC who died, died of progressive tumoral disease and decompensated liver disease. In addition, when the specific predictors of failure of secondary prophylaxis and death were evaluated in patients with HCC, including BCLC classification, use of secondary prophylaxis had an independent protective effect on the development drug discovery of rebleeding and death, further suggesting that use of this treatment should be prolonged as long as the clinical condition of the patient allows it.

Despite the fact that the groups were matched by Child-Pugh class and had similar MELD score, patients with HCC had more frequently previous decompensation than patients without HCC. Belonging to the compensated or decompensated Selleckchem Ganetespib phase of the liver disease is of utmost relevance, given the well-known survival differences between these groups.[2] Indeed, after introduction of MELD score, it had been remarked that different survival rates could be noted in patients with

the same MELD score according to the presence or absence of clinical decompensation.[38] In the present study, it should be underlined that from the moment they experience VB, all patients are in the decompensated phase. For this reason, this variable was not chosen initially as a matching variable. Also, as expected, patients with HCC had more commonly a viral etiology of their liver disease. Viral etiology has been identified as a negative prognostic factor for 5-day failure in AVB.[29] Given the possible confusion that these variables could introduce, they were included in the multivariate analysis. MCE On multivariate analysis, both the etiology of liver disease

and the presence of previous decompensation were not identified as independent predictors of survival. PVT was also distributed unevenly between patients with HCC and control patients. This variable was significantly associated with outcomes of VB and survival. Previous studies have associated the presence of PVT with negative outcomes in VB.[39] Interestingly, the prognostic information derived from the presence of PVT was independent from the BCLC classification. Among patients with HCC, survival was mainly influenced by disease stage, best described by the BCLC classification. So, patients in class C and D had a much greater likelihood of dying within 6 months (79%), compared to class 0, A, and B (14%). Nevertheless, lack of secondary prophylaxis was an independent predictor of death, taking into account BCLC classification. Therefore, use of secondary prophylaxis in these patients, even in those with the most advanced tumoral disease (BCLC C and D), had survival advantages.