5 0.003 0.038 CDC7 CDC7 cell division cycle 7 (S. cerevisiae) 1.4 0.016 0.049 C12orf32 chromosome 12 open reading frame 32 1.5 0.002 0.033 To independently confirm

the microarray results, real-time RT PCR was performed RXDX-101 datasheet on samples from BALB/c mice that had been exposed to the same experimental conditions that were used in microarray assay. The relative expression levels of six genes—BMF, MAPK8, BNIP3, RFWD3, CDKN2B and WNT9A—were assayed in irradiated and non-irradiated tumors. There was a close correlation between microarray data and qRT-PCR data Figure 4), indicating the accuracy of our microarray data and the significant induction in the expression of selleck screening library selected genes following irradiation. Figure 4 Quantitative RT-PCR validation for differential genes in microarrays. (A) Relative mRNA expression of 6 selected genes in microarrays (B) Validation of relative mRNA expression of selected genes with qRT-PCR. The significance AZD6244 supplier of the varieties between the control group (solid bar) and 125I treatment group (hollow bar) was analyzed through student’s t-t test. (☆: P < 0.05). Collectively, these data indicated that many critical molecules and pathways associated with apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were activated by 125I seed irradiation in NCI-N87 xenografts, thereby highlighting their important roles in 125I irradiation-induced inhibition of tumor growth. DNA methylation analysis of 125I-irradiation induced genes

Aberrant DNA hypermethylation is commonly associated with cancer. The Dnmt1 DNA methyltransferase is responsible for maintenance of the DNA methylation pattern. Consistent with previous study [11], significant decrease of DNMT1 expression was observed in our array data, and this result was validated via the real time RT-PCR Figure 5A). These data suggest that DNA demethylation might be involved in 125I-induced tumor suppression. Because promoter demethylation is associated with gene re-activating, we focused our attention on the Sirolimus price 125I irradiation-induced genes by

coupling global gene expression and methylation profiles. The genes with promoter hypermethylation in the non-irradiated tumors were indentified with MeDIP-chip analysis (Additional file 5: Table S5). Among them, we identified 20 genes whose expression was significantly upregulated in the irradiated tumors as compared to the non-irradiated tumors (Table 2). Thus, we speculated that the expression levels of these 20 genes might be modulated via the promoter demethylation induced by 125I irradiation. Notably, several of these genes were associated with apoptosis or cell cycle arrest, such as BNIP3, WNT9A and GSG2. To confirm our hypothesis, methylation status of these three genes was examined with MeDIP-PCR assay in the treatment and control groups. As shown, BNIP3 and WNT9A in 125I treatment group displayed lower levels of methylation status compared with control group (P < 0.05), which decreased to 50.9% and 41.0%, respectively Figure 5B).