Deja vu experiences are also common mental phenomena in nonclinical individuals. The purpose

of this study was to clarify two forms of deja vu experiences in persons with epilepsy. Deja vu experiences of 312 patients with epilepsy and 402 nonclinical individuals were evaluated using the Inventory of Deja vu Experiences Assessment. In the patients with epilepsy, characteristics of deja vu experiences with seizure recognition (SR form) were compared with those experiences with no seizure recognition (NSR form). The incidence (63.1%) of deja vu experiences Selleck GF120918 in patients with epilepsy was significantly lower than that (76.1%) of nonclinical individuals (x(2) = 14.2, P = 0.000). Among the patients with epilepsy, 55.6% had the NSR form and 24.0% had the SR form. Those with the NSR form manifested fewer psychopathological characteristics than did those with the SR form. Patients tended to view the SR form more negatively (i.e., frightened, uncomfortable, or disturbed) than the NSR form. The NSR form was significantly associated with idiopathic generalized epilepsies, less frequent antiepileptic drug administration, and no mesial temporal sclerosis. Although there was a significant association between the frequency of the SR form and patients’ habitual seizures, the frequency of the NSR form was not

associated with the frequency of the patients’ habitual seizures. Persons with epilepsy experience two forms of deja vu which are differently associated selleck compound with their seizure recognition. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Background

and aims: Chronic hyperglycaemia aggravates obesity and diabetes mellitus. The use of glucose by body organs click here depends on several factors. We sought to investigate the role of blood flow, intrinsic tissue glucose clearance and blood glucose levels in regulating tissue glucose uptake under fasting conditions (FCs) and in response to acute hyperglycaemia (AH) in obese and type 2 diabetic rats.

Methods and results: Thirty-six Zucker rats were studied by positron emission tomography to quantify perfusion and glucose uptake during FC and after AH in the liver, myocardium, skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Progressively higher glucose uptake rates were observed from lean to obese (p < 0.05) and to diabetic rats (p < 0.05) in all tissues during both FC and AH. In FC, they were increased of 7-18 times in obese rats and 11-30 times in diabetic rats versus controls. Tissue glucose uptake was increased by over 10-fold during AH in controls; this response was severely blunted in diseased groups. AH tended to stimulate organ perfusion in control rats. Tissue glucose uptake was a function of intrinsic clearance and glycaemia (mass action) in healthy animals, but the latter component was lost in diseased animals. Differences in perfusion did not account for those in glucose uptake.