These cysts are frequently associated with vertebral or spinal cord abnormalies and dual malformation with mediastinal or abdominal cysts. Collectively, they are called split notochord syndrome. The authors describe their experience in the treatment of a 57-year-old man having an endodermal cyst mimicking an intramedullary tumor at the level of Th1-2. He was admitted to our institution for evaluation of an intraspinal mass diagnosed by MRI at a local hospital after experiencing temporary numbness and weakness of the lower left extremity. T1-weighted sagittal MRI demonstrated the lesion with signal intensity iso- to slightly hypointense selleck kinase inhibitor to

the spinal cord without enhancement after administration of gadolinium. Although T2-weighted sagittal images demonstrated as hyperintense to the spinal cord,

axial images revealed a passage between the mass and subarachnoid space. We could not completely rule out the presence of an intramedullary tumor and undertook a laminectomy with a posterior approach. Histopathological analysis revealed an endodermal cyst and the authors found syringomyelia, which was clearly separated from the cyst in the preoperative sagittal MRI and intraoperative ultrasonography study. To the BTK inhibitor clinical trial best of our knowledge, this is the first report in the English literature of a thoracic endodermal cyst requiring differential diagnosis from a spinal cord tumor. “
“Cribriform neuroepithelial tumor (CRINET) is a very rare and recently described entity of INI1-deficient intraventricular neuroepithelial tumor of primitive non-rhabdoid cells with distinct cribriform

formation and has a relatively favorable prognosis. A 14-month-old boy had presented with gait imbalance and was crawling for the last 2 weeks. MRI revealed a large, complex solid and cystic mass with dimensions of 55 × 55 × 50 mm in the vicinity of the third ventricle. Histopathologically, the tumor was composed of relatively small undifferentiated neuroepithelial cells arranged in a cribriform pattern and intervening solid sheets with true rosettes. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed complete loss of nuclear INI1 expression and distinct expression of epithelial membrane antigen Sitaxentan (EMA) along the luminal borders of the tubules or glands. The typical rhabdoid feature of tumor cells was absent. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells were neuroepithelial cells that contained short linear rough endoplasmic reticula and distinct intercellular junctions. Here, we describe a new case of CRINET and also discuss its clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features. “
“We aimed to characterize angiogenesis and proliferation and their correlation with clinical characteristics in a large brain metastasis (BM) series. Ki67 proliferation index, microvascular density (MVD) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) index were determined by immunohistochemistry in BM and primary tumor specimens.