Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) was calculated by dividing the total number of antibiotics used by number of antibiotics resistant to particular isolates [17]. In this study, 9 antibiotics were used and are represented as (b), while number of antibiotics resistant to particular isolate is as e.g. 4 (a). MAR is calculated as a/b, which means that in this particular case, MAR is 4/9 = 0.44. Statistical analysis Data entry, management and analysis was done using program Microsoft Office Excel 2007. The Selleck Sotrastaurin association between different risk factors and the antibiotics resistivity pattern of isolated Campylobacters

were compared statistically by a Chi-square (χ [2]) analysis using commercial software PHStat2 version 2.5 and Fisher exact test with significance level defined at the p < 0.05. The diameter of zone of inhibition of different antibiotics was compared by using t-Test: Two samples assuming equal variances. Results The prevalence rate was found to be 38.85% (54/139). Among the isolates, 42 (77.8%) were Campylobacter coli and 12 (22.2%) were Campylobacter jejuni.

The prevalence rate in male and female carcass is 32.4% (11/34) and 41% (43/105) respectively. The sex-wise prevalence PF-02341066 purchase was statistically non-significant (p > 0.05). The antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of C. coli and C. jejuni is shown in Figures  1 and 2 respectively. The Campylobacter spp. showed significant (p < 0.05)

difference in resistivity pattern with tetracycline and nalidixic acid however, both the species showed similar resistivity pattern with other antimicrobials (Figure  3). Figure 1 Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of C. coli from dressed porcine carcass. Figure 2 Antimicrobial Immune system sensitivity pattern of C. jejuni from dressed porcine carcass. Figure 3 Antimicrobial resistance pattern of C. coli and C. jejuni. The mean disc diffusion zone among C. coli and C. jejuni were significantly different (p < 0.01) for chloramphenicol and gentamicin and non significant (p > 0.05) for ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline and colistin (Table  1). Table 1 Mean disc diffusion zone diameter for Campylobacter spp. Antimicrobials C. coli Mean ± SE (mm) C. jejuni Mean ± SE (mm) p-value Ampicillin 9.36 ± 0.201 9.17 ± 0.167 p > 0.05 Chloramphenicol 25.50 ± 0.464 21.75 ± 1.232 p < 0.01 Ciprofloxacin 21.43 ± 1.037 20.75 ± 2.125 p > 0.05 Erythromycin 11.14 ± 0.417 10.42 ± 0.417 p > 0.05 Nalidixic acid 15.57 ± 0.996 14.75 ± 0.863 p > 0.05 Tetracycline 18.36 ± 1.078 19.25 ± 1.887 p > 0.05 Gentamicin 16.64 ± 0.467 20.50 ± 1.422 p < 0.01 Cotrimoxazole 15.86 ± 1.167 15.00 ± 1.