Rifampicin is a key antituberculous drug Unfortunately, rifampic

Rifampicin is a key antituberculous drug. Unfortunately, rifampicin is associated with a significant drug interaction with nevirapine. The results from selleck chemicals previous studies have shown that nevirapine 400 mg day based regimen may be adequate to treat patients with tuberculosis and receiving rifampicin. Herein, we continued the pre viously described prospective Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries pharmacokinetic study with the objectives to evaluate the treatment outcomes after 144 weeks of antiretroviral treatment regard ing virological and immunological responses in all patients. and comparison of responses between the patients who received a regimen of stavudine, lamivudine and nevirapine alone and the patients with previous diagnosis of tuberculosis and concomitant receiving of rifampicin during the early period of ART and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis after 144 weeks of ART in TB group patient.

Methods The study design was a prospective cohort study Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries involving 140 HIV infected Thai patients in the Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand. There were equally 70 patients in TB group and control group. Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Initial enrollment was from November 2004 to March 2005 as previously described. Inclusion criteria for the TB group were HIV infected individuals 15 years of age, diagnosed active TB by clinical features, positive acid fast stain and or pos itive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, receiving rifampicin containing anti TB regimen 1 month prior to enrollment, CD4 cell count 350 cells mm3 and willing to participate and give consent form.

Inclusion cri teria for the control group were HIV infected individ uals 15 years of age not receiving RFP within 1 month prior to enrollment, CD4 cell count 350 cells Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries mm3 and willing to participate and give consent form. Exclusion criteria for both two study groups was pre vious antiretroviral therapy, pregnancy, receiving a medication that has drug drug interactions with NVP or RFP and aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase 5 times of upper limit of normal range. The administered antiretroviral drugs were stavu dine, lamivudine and nevirapine. All patients received NVP 200 mg once daily lead in dose for 14 days, prior to escalation to 200 mg twice daily. In the present study, the patients in both groups were followed up through 144 weeks in which period of time they were assessed clini cally and evaluated for adverse events.

CD4 cell counts and plasma HIV 1 RNA were assessed Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries every 12 weeks until 96 weeks of ART and then every seriously 24 weeks through 144 weeks. The patients in TB group were repeatedly tested for chest X ray and clinically evaluated for tuberculosis at 144 weeks of ART. The institutional ethics committees of Bam rasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute and Ministry of Public Health approved the study.

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