However, cortisol cortisone inter conversion is a complex process

However, cortisol cortisone inter conversion is a complex process. Therefore, further dedicated research is needed to observe similar responses in more than one pig to prove this hypothesis. Inter animal micro array comparisons The observed plasticity in response was used to detect potential genes involved in early inductiontem sellekchem pering of Salmonella induced inflammation. Microarray comparisons between identical treated segments of the three different responding pigs detected a broad set of genes differentially expressed be tween these individual pigs at 2 and 4 hours. The genes showing a ratio of more than 3 fold up or down in inter animal comparisons are presented in Additional file 1 Table S1. IL8 and IL1B are important Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries cytokines for the immune response in the intestine.

Therefore differentially expressed genes of these inter animal comparisons were grouped based on their similarity in response to that of IL8 at 2 hours and IL1B at 4 hours. From these mutual comparisons it was determined Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries in which pig the highest level of expression was observed for a gene from our list. In case the highest expression of a gene was observed in pig 3 or 4 at 2 hours the gene was assigned to a group called IL8 high. For all other Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries genes detected at 2 hours the highest expression was observed in pig 2. These genes were assigned to a group IL8 low. A similar grouping was performed at 4 hours, except that assignment of genes was based on the IL1B response of pigs. In Additional file 1 Table S1 the assignment of genes to a list may be selected by sorting with the list headers.

Pathway Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries analysis inter animal comparisons Sets of regulated genes of the IL8 high and low lists and the IL1B high and low lists at 2 and 4 hours were separately loaded into DAVID and GeneDecks to assign genes to a specific pathway. Significant immunological and chemical pathways involved in immunological pro cesses were selected from output files and presented in Additional file 2 Table S2. Genes specifically regulated in one list, but also part of a path way called significant for the opposite list, are presented between brackets. Such genes may be important factors and may provoke an oppositedifferent effect. In contrast to the IL8 high list, no pathways were called involved in recognition of bacterial components by Toll like recep tors and extracellular and cytosolic pattern recognition receptors in the Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries IL8 low list.

These pathways are responsible for the first production of cytokines like IL1B or IL8. The appearance of two T cell pathways in the IL8 low list, representing pig 2, which showed a delayed IL8 and IL1B response, suggests that T cell activation of residing or infiltrated T cells preceded the IL8 andor IL1B response. The most prominent pathways called in the IL8 high list were the selleck chem ERK signaling and Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling pathway. Glucocorticoids are potent anti inflammatory agents.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

*

You may use these HTML tags and attributes: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>