019), were odds of having DE in students consuming confectionary as snacks was

1.4 times (OR = 1.4; 95% CI, 1.05–1.74). Logistic regression analysis of the results demonstrated the protective potential of fluoride against DE. Students not using fluoride were 1.4 times more likely to develop DE than those who did (OR = 1.4; 95% CI, 1.01–2.03). The results of this study revealed that the risk indicators that were simultaneously associated with DE were geographical location, medical condition including frequent mouth dryness and having frequent bouts of vomiting, using cortisol inhaler, dietary habits including keeping soft drinks in the mouth for long time, drinking lemon juice and carbonated beverages at bed time, frequent consumption of lemon, sour candies, and sports BTK inhibitor chemical structure drinks, and having confectionary as snacks. Effective detection, prevention and early intervention GSK269962 order are important if they are planning to have an adult lifetime without complex restorative treatment. Much of the advice offered to prevent or minimize DE is grounded on information from case reports, in

vitro and some in vivo work. The supposition was demonstrating that extrinsic sources of acids, predominantly dietary factors, are the cause of erosion in this age group[22, 23]. Others acknowledge that this may be too simplistic and that other factors such as oral hygiene levels, social, cultural, medical, occupational, and geographical area are also relevant factors[13, 24]. As in some studies, however, authors have failed to show relationships with some of these factors even though erosion was prevalent in their study samples[20,

24]. Therefore, almost all known factors related to medical conditions, oral hygiene, and diet that were reported to be associated with erosion PLEK2 were investigated in the present study. Geographical factors influencing the prevalence of erosion can be attributed to social class, lifestyle, fluoridated water, and dietary habits. The low erosion prevalence in Al-Karak may be related to the high prevalence of fluorosis (39%)[25], which may have lead to exclusion of subjects with DE in this study. Dental erosion associated with the use of asthmatic medications may be primarily attributed to the fact that the majority of these medications are acidic and possess direct erosive threat to the dentition. In addition, they potentially decrease the salivary buffering capacity and flow rates[26, 27]. The frequent use of such medications is followed by the consumption of acidic drinks to compensate for oral dryness and overcome the bitter taste of the drug. In addition, medical conditions such as vomiting, heart burn, and gastric problems were more commonly reported in asthmatic patients and thus contributing to DE[26, 27]. Dugmore and Rock ([28]) did not find this association, however[28]. The association of hyposalivation (regardless of the cause) with DE had been reported in the literature[29-31]. Järvinen et al.